The GPH-International Journal of Business Management (GPH-IJBM) is a peer-reviewed, open-access journal that publishes high-quality research in business, economics, corporate governance, and strategic management. Volume 8, Issue 09 (2025) features original studies and analytical insights that address current trends, organizational challenges, and innovative business solutions.

This issue reflects the journal’s commitment to academic excellence and global knowledge sharing. We extend our appreciation to all contributing authors, reviewers, and the editorial team for their continued support. Explore the full issue and submit your research at submission@gphjournal.org or www.gphjournal.org.

e-ISSN: 3027-0537 | p-ISSN: 3027-0375