Knowledge and Utilization of Modern Contraceptives Among Women of Childbearing Age in UCTH, Cross River State, Nigeria
Keywords:
Knowledge, Utilization, Modern Contraceptives, Women of Childbearing Age
Abstract
This study was conducted to assess knowledge and utilization of modern contraceptives among women of childbearing age in University of Calabar Teaching Hospital, Calabar. Three (3) research questions were raised and one hypothesis formulated to guide the study. The Health Belief Model was employed as a theoretical guide to the study. A descriptive cross sectional survey design was used to study a total of 107 women of childbearing age conveniently selected from Antenatal Clinic in UCTH, Calabar. The instrument for data collection was a questionnaire structured in line with the research objectives. The instrument was duly validated and its reliability established. Data collected were analyzed using descriptive statistics including frequency count, simple percentages, mean and standard deviation; while the research hypothesis was tested using Chi-square statistical test of association significant at 0.05. Findings of the study revealed that there is a good knowledge and high level of utilization of modern contraceptives among the study participants. The demographic determinants of utilization of contraception were; age, marital status, educational level and parity. There is a statistically significant relationship between knowledge and utilization of modern contraceptives among women of childbearing age in UCTH, Calabar (p<0.05). Based on these findings, it is recommended that government through the ministry of health should provide a forum to educate women of childbearing age on the need and benefits of utilizing modern contraceptives as a strategy to control unwanted pregnancies.
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References
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use of modern contraceptives among Maried Women in Sabon Gari Zaria-Northern, Nigeria. AJOL, Journal of Medicine and Biomedical Research : Vol. 14 No. 2(2015)
Apanga, PA; Kumbeni, MT; Ayamga, EA; Ulanja, MB; & Akparibo, R.
(2020).Prevalence and factors associated with modern contraceptive use among women of reproductive age in 20 African countries: a large population-based study. BMJ. Global health, Original Research. Volume 10, Issue 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2020-041103https://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/10/9/e041103
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Burkman, RT. (2021). Contraception: Transdermal contraceptive patches.
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Cross River State Government Strategic Health Development Plan (2010-2015). Calabar
Nigeria Cross River State Ministry of Health
Endriyas, M., Eshete, A, Mekonnen, E., Misganaw, T., Shiferaw, M. & Ayele, S., (2017).
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rural community dwellers in cross River State, Nigeria. Nigerian Journal of Clinical Practice. Vol.:20, Issue: 6, Page: 707-715
https://www.njcponline.com/article.asp?issn=1119-3077;year=2017;volume=20;issue=6;spage=707;epage=715;aulast=Etokidem
Gajida, AU, Takai, IU, Haruna, IU and Bako, KA (2019). Knowledge, Attitude and
Practice of Modern Contraception Among Women of Reproductive Age in Urban Area of Kano, North-Western Nigeria. Journal of Medicine in the Tropics. Vol: 21; Issue:2 P. 67-72. DOI: 10.4103/jomt.jomt_9_19.
Guta, A., Amsalu, B., Weldamanuel, T., Sema, A., Abera, L., Demissie, BS & Belay, Y.,
(2021). Utilization of modern contraceptives and associated factors among street women in Dire Dawa, Eastern Ethiopia: a mixed study.Reproductive Healthvolume 18, Article number: 212 (2021).
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Hashim, Zuwaira (2020).Benefits of modern contraceptive methods for mother, child and
family. Premium Times October 5, 2020. WHO links the use of contraception to improved maternal health outcomes.
Hidru, DH, Dingeta, T, Menigiste, B, Etsay, B, Gebremedhin, H, Berwo, M, Asefa, GG,
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https://www.who.int/health-topics/contraception#tab=tab_1
Hubacher, D. & Trussell, J. (2015). Adefinition of Modern Contraceptive methods.
PubMed. Contraception 92 (5). DOI:10.1016/j.contraception.2015.08.008
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/281055029_A_Definition_of_Modern_Contraceptive_Methods
Idowu, A; Ukandu, GC; Mattu, J; Olawuyi, D; Abiodun, A; Adegboye, P; Chibu-Jonah,
C; Siakpere, AE; Ishola, AE; Adeyeye, T & Alabi, S; (2020). Modern Contraception: Uptake and Correlates among Women of Reproductive Age-Group in a Rural Community of Osun State, Nigeria. Ethiop J Health SCi. 2020 Jul 1; 30(4): 531-540. doi: 10.4314/ejhs.v30i4.8
Jones J, Mosher WD, Daniels K. (2012). Current Contraceptive Use in the United States,
2006–2010, and Changes in Patterns of use since 1995. [accessed Sept. 28 2014];National Health Statistics Reports. 2012 60 http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/nhsr/nhsr060.pdf> . [PubMed] [Google Scholar
Jones RK & Dreweke J. (2011). Countering Conventional Wisdom:New Evidence on
Religion and Contraceptive Use. New York: Guttmacher Institute; 2011. [Google Scholar]
Juma PA, Mutombo N, Mukiira C., (2018). Women's attitudes towards receiving family
planning services from community health workers in rural Western Kenya. Afr Health Sci 2015;1:161-70.
Kantorová V, Wheldon MC, Ueffing P, Dasgupta ANZ (2020) Estimating progress
towards meeting women’s contraceptive needs in 185 countries: A Bayesian hierarchical modelling study. PLoS Med 17(2):e1003026. https://journals.plos.org/plosmedicine/article?id=10.1371/journal.pmed.1003026
Kebede, A; Abaya, SG; Merdassa, Elias & Bekuma, TT (2019). Factors affecting demand
for modern contraceptives among currently married reproductive age women in rural Kebeles of Nunu Kumba district, Oromia, Ethiopia.Contraception and Reproductive Medicinevolume 4, Article number: 21 (2019)
https://contraceptionmedicine.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s40834-019-0103-3
Kharbouch, M., Idri, A., Rachad, T., Alami, H., Redman, LM. & Stelate, Y. (2021).
Mobile Technology for Improved Contraceptive Care in Morocco. Journal of Medical Systems 45(2); DOI:10.1007/s10916-020-01684-6
Lee J. &Jezewski MA. (2007). Attitudes toward oral contraceptive use among women
of reproductive age: a systematic review. ANS Adv Nurs Sci 2007. Jan-Mar;30(1):E85–103.
LoPresti, AF(2005). Christianity In: Manning C, Zuckerman P, eds. Sex and religion.
Toronto: Thomson Wadsworth; 2005:117–41
Martin, V; Msuya, SE; Kapologwe, N; Damian, DJ; John, B & Mahande, MJ (2019).
Prevalence and Determinants of ModernContraceptive Methods Use among Women of Reproductive Age (15 - 49 Years) in RuralSetting: A Case of Kishapu District, Shinyanga Region. Scientific Research Publishing. Advances in Sexual Medicine, 2019, 9, 53-66https://www.scirp.org/journal/asm
ISSN Online: 2164-5205. ISSN Print: 2164-519. DOI: 10.4236/asm.2019.94005 Sep. 9, 2019 53 https://www.researchgate.net/publication/335657910
Mayo Clinic, (2020). Combination Birth Control Pills.© 1998-2022 Mayo Foundation for
Medical Education and Research (MFMER). All rights reserved. https://www.mayoclinic.org/tests-procedures/combination-birth-control-pills/about/pac-20385282
Megabiaw, B., (2012). Awareness and utilization of modern contraceptives among street
women in North-West Ethiopia. BMC Women’s Health Vol. 12, Article No.: 31 (2012)
National Population Commission and ICF International, (2014). Nigeria Demographic
and Health Survey 2013. Abuja, Nigeria, and Rockville, Maryland, USA: NPC and ICF International; 2013.
NHS (2020). Contraceptive diaphragm or cap
https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/contraception/contraceptive-diaphragm-or-cap/ .
NHS (2022). Condom.
https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/contraception/male-condoms/
NHS (2021). Contraceptive Implants
https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/contraception/contraceptive-implant/
NPC and ORC Macro (2004). Nigerian Demographic and Health Survey 2003.
Calverton, Maryland National Population Commission and ORC Macro
Nsubuga, H; Sekandi, JN; Sempeera, H & Makumbi, FE (205). Contraceptive Use,
Knowledge, Attitude, Perceptions and Sexual Behaviour Among Female University Students in Uganda: A Cross-Sectional Survey. BMC Women’s Health Volume 16, Article number: 6 (2015).
https://bmcwomenshealth.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12905-016-0286-6
Obasohan, P. E., (2015). Religious, Ethnicity and Contraceptive Use among
Reproductive age Women in Nigeria. Int J.Mch AIDS. 2015; 3(1): 63-73. PMCID: PMC4948172, PMID: 27621987
Ochako, R., Mbondo, M., Aloo, S., Kaimenyi, S., Thompson, R., Temmerman, M. &
Kays, M. (2015). Barriers to Modern Contraceptive Methods Uptake among Young Women in Kenya: A Qualitative Study. BMC Public HealthVolume 15, Article number: 118 (2015) Cite this article
Okonkwo, U., Ameh, S., Out, A. & Okpara, H. (2017). HIV-Related Knowledge,
Attitude and Practice of Healthy Adults in Cross River State Nigeria: A Population Based-Survey. Pan Afr Med J. 2017; 27: 170. Published online 2017 Jul 4. doi: 10.11604/pamj.2017.27.170.12082. PMCID: PMC5579434. PMID: 28904698
Oyedokun AO (2007). Determinants of Contraceptive Usage: Lessons from women in
Osun State of Nigeria. J Human Soc Sci 2007;1:1-14
Solanke, BL, (2017). Factors influencing contraceptive use and non-use among women of
advances reproductive age in Nigeria. Journal of Health, Population and Nutrition Volume 36, Article Number: 1 (2017).
https://jhpn.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s41043-016-0077-6
Tessema, ZT; Teshale, AB; Tesema, GA; Yeshaw, Y & Worku, MG (2021). Pooled
prevalence and determinants of modern contraceptive utilization in East Africa: A Multi-country Analysis of recent Demographic and Health Surveys. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0247992https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0247992
The Royal Women’s Hospital(Depo Provera), (2021). Family Planning Victoria
(Contraceptive injection – Depo), SHINE SA(Contraception), Healthy WA(Injectable hormonal contraceptive), SHINE SA(Injectable contraception), Family Planning NSW(Contraceptive injection)https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/contraceptive-injection
Thummalachetty, N; Mathur, S; Mullinax, M; DeCosta, K; Nakyanjo, N; Lutalo, T;
Brahmbhatt, H & Santelli, JS (2017). Contraceptive Knowledge, perceptions, and Concerns among Men in Uganda. BMC Public Health, 2017: 17: 792. Published online 2017 Oct 10. doi: 10.1186/s12889-017-4815-5. PMCID: PMC5633881. PMID: 29017539. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5633881/
Tsehaye, WT; Mengistu, D; Birhanu, E & Berhe, KK (2013).Assessment of Preference
and Its Determinant Factors to Ward Modern Contraceptive Methods among Women of Reproductive Age Group in Shire Indaselassie Town, Northern Ethiopia, 2011. International Journal of Family PlanningVolume 2013 |Article ID 317609 | https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/317609. Academic editor: J.P. Sturmberg https://www.hindawi.com/journals/ijfm/2013/317609/
Ubeda, M. (2010). “Center for Reproductive Rightsand UNFPA,” 2010,
http://www.reproductiverights.org. View at: Google Scholar
Umoh,AV & Abah, MG (2011). Contraception Awareness and Practice Among
Antenatal Attendees in Uyo, Nigeria. Pan Afr Med J 2011; 10:53 [PUBMED].
Undelikwo, VA; Osonwa, OK; Ushie, MA & Osnwa, RH (2013). Family Planning
behaviours and decision-making Among Couples in Cross River State, Nigeria. Int J Learn Dev 2013;3:2164-4063
Ushie, MA; Otu, JE; Undelikwo, VA (2014). A Contraceptive analysis of fertility
differentials in Cross River State. Dev Country Stud 2014;4:36-40
World Health Organization (2018). World Health Statistics 2018: monitoring health for
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Published
2024-04-24
How to Cite
Edet Okon, U., & Augustina Chikaodili, I. (2024). Knowledge and Utilization of Modern Contraceptives Among Women of Childbearing Age in UCTH, Cross River State, Nigeria. GPH-International Journal of Health Sciences and Nursing, 7(04), 71-106. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14238023
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