IN-SERVICE TRAINING AND EMPLOYEES’ PRODUCTIVITY IN THE HOTEL INDUSTRY
Keywords:
In-service training, Employees’ productivity, Hotel industry, Off-the-job training, On-the-job training.
Abstract
Hotel employees in Lagos State tend to become obsolete due to organizational, technological, and social dynamicsas a result of little or no attention to staff training needs. Studies that examined the link between in-service training and employees’ productivity in the hotel industry in Nigeria, particularly in Lagos State, have not been reported, hence the justification for this study. The main objectives of the study are to examined the correlation between the dimensions of in-service training and employees’ productivity in the hotel industry in Lagos state. Human capital theory and a quantitative research design were used. The research population comprised the 792 registered hotels in the 20 LGA in Lagos State out of which 63 hotels were selected through systematic random sampling. Taro Yamane formula was used to determine the sample size of 1,624 staffs out of 330staffs in the selected hotels in the 20 LGAs of Lagos State. Structured questionnaires were used to collect the data, and analysed using Multiple Regression. The tested hypothetical relationship between dimensions of in-service training and employees' productivity shows that both on-the- job training and off-the-job training has positive and significant relationship with employees’ productivity. It is concluded that on-the-job and off-the-job training are therapies for enhanced employees’ job productivity in the hotel industry.
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References
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Afshan, S., Sobia, I., Kamran, A.,and Nasir, M. (2012). Impact of training on employee performance: a study of telecommunication sector in Pakistan. Interdisciplinary Journal of Contemporary Research in Business, 4, (6), 646-661.
Akther, S., Tariq, J., and Islam, J. (2019). Measurement of the effectiveness of off-the-job training methods in commercial banks of Bangladesh. International Journal of Business and Management, 14, (9), 160-172.
Al-Mzary M. M., Al-rifai, A. D., Al-Momany, M. O. (2015). Training and its impact on the performance of employees at Jordanian universities from the perspective of employees: The case of Yarmouk university. Journal of Education and Practice, 6, (32), 128-140.
Aminu, H . (2011). The impact of employee training on organizational performance of Vita Foam Nigeria plc. Zaria: Research Report Submitted to the Postgraduate School, Ahmadu Bello University.
Amoah-Mensah A. and Darkwa P. (2016). Training and development process and employees’ performance in the “chop bar” industry, Kumasi, Ghana. Journal of Research and Development, 3, (1), 34-57.
Aswathappa, K. (2002). Human resource and personnel management: text and cases. (3rd ed.). New Delhi: Tata McGraw-Hill publishing company Ltd.
Badeian, S. (2009). Management. London: Hunters Publishers Ltd.
Badom, P. M., and Girigiri, B.W. (2021). Training cum development and productivity of workers in Nigeria Agip Oil Company, Port Harcourt, Rivers State. African Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities Research 4, (4), 49- 67.
Bafaneli, S., and Setibi, G. (2015). The impact of on-the-job training on employee performance:the case of Riley’s Hotel. Journal of Business Theory and Practice, 3, (2), 239-251.
Bauer, T., and Zimmermann, K. (1999). Causes of international migration: a survey. in crossing borders: regional and urban perspectives on international migration, ed. P. Gorter. Nijkamp, J Poot: Aldershot: Ashgate.
Beardwell, I. and Holden, L. (2001). Human resource management. Contemporary approach. Essex: Pearson Education Limited.
Becker, G.S. (1994). Human capital: a theorectical and empirical analaysis with special reference to education (3rd ed.). New York: Columbia University Press.
Bello, Y. O., and Majebi, E. C. (2018). Lodging quality index approach: exploring the relationship between service quality and customers satisfaction in hotel industry.Journal of Tourism and Heritage Studies, 7, (1), 58-78.
Block, F. (1990 ). Post Industrial possibilities: a critique of economic discourse. Los Angeles: University of California Press.
Dale, S. (2010). Management. New Delhi: Vikas Publications.
Dhaifallah, O.A. Ebrahim, M., Durrishah, I., Raheleh, E., and Talal Ratyan, A. (2013). Job satisfaction and job performance: a case study of five-star hotels in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. World Journal of Social Sciences, 3, (1), 27 – 37.
Ejiogu, D. (2011). Organizational behaviour. Enugu: Ambik Publishers.
Eneh, S. I., Inyang, B. J., and Ekpe, E. O. (2015). The effect of job training on workers’ efficiency and productivity in a Rubber Manufacturing Industry Calabar, Cross River State. International Journal of Managerial Studies and Research, 3, (1), 57-65.
Falola, H., Osibanjo, A., and Ojo, I. (2014). Effectiveness of training and development on employees' performance and organization competitiveness in the Nigerian banking industry. Bulletin of the Transilvania University of Braşov, 7, (1), 161-172.
Fourage, D., and Ester, P. (2007). Factors determining international and regional migration in europe,” research report of the european foundation for the improvement of living and working conditions. Dublin: The European Foundation.
Grobler, P.A. Wärnich, S. Carrell, M.R. Elbert, N.F. and Hatfield, R.D. (2011). Human resource management in south Africa. United Kingdom: Cengage Learning EMEA.
Hair, J. F., Black, W. C., Babin, B. J., Anderson, R. E., and Tatham, R. L. (2006). Multivariate data analysis (6th Ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Prentice Hall.
Igbal, A., Ijaz, M., Latif, F., and Mushtaq, H . (2015). Factors affecting the employees: a case study of banking sector in Pakistan. European Journal of Business and Social Sciences, 4, (8), 309-318.
JLL. (2018). West Africa Hotel Market Overview. Retrieved December 17, 2018, from http://www.wapisummit.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/JLL-West-Africa-Hotel-Market-Overview-November-2018.
Karim M. M, Choudhury M. M. and Latif W. B. (2019). The impact of training and development on employees’ performance: an analysis of quantitative data, Dhaka, Bangladesh. Noble International Journal of Business and Management Research, 3, (2), 25-33.
Khawaja, J., and Nadeem, A. B. (2013). Training and development program and its benefits to employee and organization: A conceptual study. European Journal of Business and Management, 243-252.
Lee, Y. D, Lain, J.W., and Chen, C.Y. (1999). A study on the measurement of productivity for white-collar employees-A case of electronic industry in Taiwan. The Chinese Military Academy Journal, 14, 345-361.
Malaolu, V. A., and Ogbuabor, J. E. (2013). The effects of training and manpower development on employees’ productivity and organizational performance in First Bank Plc, Nigeria. International Journal of Advances in Management and Economics, 2, (5), 163-179.
Massey, D.S., Joaquín, A., Graeme, H., Ali, K., Adela, P., and Edward, T. (1993). Theories of international migration migration: a review and appraisal. Population and Development Review, 19, (3),431-466.
Mincer, J. (1993a). Human capital and earnings .J. Mincer (ed.) Studies in human capital: collected essays of jacob Mincer. Brookfield, VT: Edward Elgar.
Motowidlo, S.J., and Van Scotter, J.R. (1994). Evidence that task performance should be distinguished from contextual performance. Journal of Applied Psychology, 79,(4), 475-48.
Nahavandi, A., Denhardt, R. B., Denhardt, J. V., and Aristigueta, M. P. (2014). Organizational behaviour. London, UK: SAGE Publications.
Nassazi, A. (2013). The effects of training on employee performance in the telecommunication industry in. Uganda: A Thesis submitted to school of international business, University of Applied Science, Uganda.
Nda, M. M., and Fard, R. Y. (2013). The impact of employee training and development on employee productivity. Global journal of commerce and management perspective, 2, (6), 91-93.
Ndidi N. C., and Moses, A. (2021). Does training and development impact the employee performance in small and medium scale enterprises in Lagos. Nigeria.
Ndunguru, S. (2015). The impact of on the job training on employees’ performance: the case of secondary school teachers of Songea municipality. Tanzania: A Masters Dissertation report in Business Administration submitted to Open University of Tanzania.
Ngari, M. (2015). The influence of in-service training on employees’ productivity: A case of Judiciary’s Lower Courts in. Kenya: A Master’s dissertation report submitted to the University of Nairobi, Kenya.
Ogbu J. O. and Osanaiye J. I. (2017). Impact of employee training on organizational performance a study of selected insurance firms in Abuja-Nigeria. European Journal of Business Management. 9, (14), 64-72.
Oladipo, J. O. and Adebayo, M. (2021). On and off -job training and development on performance of manufacturing firms. African Scholar Journal of Mgt. Science and Entrepreneurship, 22, (7), 35-48.
Otuke, A.H., KimaniChege, K., and Douglas, M. (2013). The effect of training dimensions on employee performance, a case of Mumias Sugar Company, Kenya. International Journal of Business and Management Invention, 2, (9),138-149.
Perrin, O. (2016). The difference between employees' performance and productivity. Retrieved January 11th, 2019, from Employee Connect: https://www.employeeconnect.com
Phoeth N.K. (2017). An assessment on the effect of in-service training on employee performance: a case study of secretaries in baringo county. Kenya: A master’s degree dissertation in Human Resource Management submitted to Kisii University, Kenya.
Platt, J., and Sobotka, L. (2010). Psychological management of individual performance. Wales: John Wiley & Sons.
Pradhan, R. K., and Jana, L. K. (2016). Employees' performance at Worklace; conceptual model and emperical validation. Business Perspectives and Research, 5, (1), 1-17.
PricewaterhouseCoopers. (2019). As good as it gets? UK Hotels Forecast 2018. Retrieved August 11, 2018, from www.pwc.co.uk/hospitality-leisure
Puke, T. (2010). Labour Productivity: A simplified analysis, Ibadan: Ibadan University Press.
Rana, S., and Singh, V. (2016a). Employee empowerment and job satisfaction: an empirical study in IT Industry. IOSR Journal of Humanities And Social Science, 21, (10), Ver.12, 23-29.
Reynolds, A. (2004). Helping people learn. London: CIPD.
Rothwell, W. J., and Kazanas, H. C. (2004). Improving on-the-job training: How to establish and operate a comprehensive OJT program (2nd ed.). San Francisco: CA: John Wiley & Sons.
Sabir, M. S., Iqbal, J. J., Rehman, K., Shah, K. A. and Yameen, M. (2012). Impact of corporate ethical values on ethical leadership and employee performance. International Journal of Business and Social Science, 3, 163-171.
Sabir, R. I., Aktar, N., Bukhari, F. A. S., Nasir, J., and Ahmed, W. (2014). The impact of training on the productivity of electricity company workers in Pakistan. International Review of Management and Business Research, 3, (2), 595-606.
Sahin, F. (2011). The interaction of self-leadership and psychological climate on job performance.African Journal of Business Management, 5,(5), 1787-1794.
Sarpong, Y. (2002), cited in Merwe, A. (2010). Does human capital theory account for individual higher education choice?International Business and Economics Research Journal,9, ( 6), 81-94.
Statista. (2022). Number of available hotel rooms in Nigeria from 2013 to 2023. Retrieved from https://www.statista.com/statistics/801083/available-hotel-rooms-nigeria on 31st August, 2022
Steven, W. S. (2004). Job training and job satisfaction survey technical manual. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/234742261_The_Job_Training_and_Job_Satisfaction_Survey_Technical_Manual on 23rd October, 2022
Tsai,M., Cheng, C, and Chang, Y. (2010). Drivers of hospitality industry employees’ job satisfaction, organizational commitment and job performance . African Journal of Business Management, 4, (18), 4118-4134.
Viswesvaran, C., and Ones, D. S. (2000). Perspectives on models of job performance. International Journal of Selection and Assessment, 8,(8), 216-226.
Abomeh, O. S., and Peace, N. N. (2015). Effects of training on employees’ productivity in Nigeria insurance industry. British Journal of Economics, Management & Trade, 7, (3), 227-235.
Adongo, A. (2013). The effects of job training on employee performance in mobile telephone industry in Nakuru. Kenya: A Dissertation submitted to school of business administration, Kenyatta University, Kenya.
Afshan, S., Sobia, I., Kamran, A.,and Nasir, M. (2012). Impact of training on employee performance: a study of telecommunication sector in Pakistan. Interdisciplinary Journal of Contemporary Research in Business, 4, (6), 646-661.
Akther, S., Tariq, J., and Islam, J. (2019). Measurement of the effectiveness of off-the-job training methods in commercial banks of Bangladesh. International Journal of Business and Management, 14, (9), 160-172.
Al-Mzary M. M., Al-rifai, A. D., Al-Momany, M. O. (2015). Training and its impact on the performance of employees at Jordanian universities from the perspective of employees: The case of Yarmouk university. Journal of Education and Practice, 6, (32), 128-140.
Aminu, H . (2011). The impact of employee training on organizational performance of Vita Foam Nigeria plc. Zaria: Research Report Submitted to the Postgraduate School, Ahmadu Bello University.
Amoah-Mensah A. and Darkwa P. (2016). Training and development process and employees’ performance in the “chop bar” industry, Kumasi, Ghana. Journal of Research and Development, 3, (1), 34-57.
Aswathappa, K. (2002). Human resource and personnel management: text and cases. (3rd ed.). New Delhi: Tata McGraw-Hill publishing company Ltd.
Badeian, S. (2009). Management. London: Hunters Publishers Ltd.
Badom, P. M., and Girigiri, B.W. (2021). Training cum development and productivity of workers in Nigeria Agip Oil Company, Port Harcourt, Rivers State. African Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities Research 4, (4), 49- 67.
Bafaneli, S., and Setibi, G. (2015). The impact of on-the-job training on employee performance:the case of Riley’s Hotel. Journal of Business Theory and Practice, 3, (2), 239-251.
Bauer, T., and Zimmermann, K. (1999). Causes of international migration: a survey. in crossing borders: regional and urban perspectives on international migration, ed. P. Gorter. Nijkamp, J Poot: Aldershot: Ashgate.
Beardwell, I. and Holden, L. (2001). Human resource management. Contemporary approach. Essex: Pearson Education Limited.
Becker, G.S. (1994). Human capital: a theorectical and empirical analaysis with special reference to education (3rd ed.). New York: Columbia University Press.
Bello, Y. O., and Majebi, E. C. (2018). Lodging quality index approach: exploring the relationship between service quality and customers satisfaction in hotel industry.Journal of Tourism and Heritage Studies, 7, (1), 58-78.
Block, F. (1990 ). Post Industrial possibilities: a critique of economic discourse. Los Angeles: University of California Press.
Dale, S. (2010). Management. New Delhi: Vikas Publications.
Dhaifallah, O.A. Ebrahim, M., Durrishah, I., Raheleh, E., and Talal Ratyan, A. (2013). Job satisfaction and job performance: a case study of five-star hotels in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. World Journal of Social Sciences, 3, (1), 27 – 37.
Ejiogu, D. (2011). Organizational behaviour. Enugu: Ambik Publishers.
Eneh, S. I., Inyang, B. J., and Ekpe, E. O. (2015). The effect of job training on workers’ efficiency and productivity in a Rubber Manufacturing Industry Calabar, Cross River State. International Journal of Managerial Studies and Research, 3, (1), 57-65.
Falola, H., Osibanjo, A., and Ojo, I. (2014). Effectiveness of training and development on employees' performance and organization competitiveness in the Nigerian banking industry. Bulletin of the Transilvania University of Braşov, 7, (1), 161-172.
Fourage, D., and Ester, P. (2007). Factors determining international and regional migration in europe,” research report of the european foundation for the improvement of living and working conditions. Dublin: The European Foundation.
Grobler, P.A. Wärnich, S. Carrell, M.R. Elbert, N.F. and Hatfield, R.D. (2011). Human resource management in south Africa. United Kingdom: Cengage Learning EMEA.
Hair, J. F., Black, W. C., Babin, B. J., Anderson, R. E., and Tatham, R. L. (2006). Multivariate data analysis (6th Ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Prentice Hall.
Igbal, A., Ijaz, M., Latif, F., and Mushtaq, H . (2015). Factors affecting the employees: a case study of banking sector in Pakistan. European Journal of Business and Social Sciences, 4, (8), 309-318.
JLL. (2018). West Africa Hotel Market Overview. Retrieved December 17, 2018, from http://www.wapisummit.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/JLL-West-Africa-Hotel-Market-Overview-November-2018.
Karim M. M, Choudhury M. M. and Latif W. B. (2019). The impact of training and development on employees’ performance: an analysis of quantitative data, Dhaka, Bangladesh. Noble International Journal of Business and Management Research, 3, (2), 25-33.
Khawaja, J., and Nadeem, A. B. (2013). Training and development program and its benefits to employee and organization: A conceptual study. European Journal of Business and Management, 243-252.
Lee, Y. D, Lain, J.W., and Chen, C.Y. (1999). A study on the measurement of productivity for white-collar employees-A case of electronic industry in Taiwan. The Chinese Military Academy Journal, 14, 345-361.
Malaolu, V. A., and Ogbuabor, J. E. (2013). The effects of training and manpower development on employees’ productivity and organizational performance in First Bank Plc, Nigeria. International Journal of Advances in Management and Economics, 2, (5), 163-179.
Massey, D.S., Joaquín, A., Graeme, H., Ali, K., Adela, P., and Edward, T. (1993). Theories of international migration migration: a review and appraisal. Population and Development Review, 19, (3),431-466.
Mincer, J. (1993a). Human capital and earnings .J. Mincer (ed.) Studies in human capital: collected essays of jacob Mincer. Brookfield, VT: Edward Elgar.
Motowidlo, S.J., and Van Scotter, J.R. (1994). Evidence that task performance should be distinguished from contextual performance. Journal of Applied Psychology, 79,(4), 475-48.
Nahavandi, A., Denhardt, R. B., Denhardt, J. V., and Aristigueta, M. P. (2014). Organizational behaviour. London, UK: SAGE Publications.
Nassazi, A. (2013). The effects of training on employee performance in the telecommunication industry in. Uganda: A Thesis submitted to school of international business, University of Applied Science, Uganda.
Nda, M. M., and Fard, R. Y. (2013). The impact of employee training and development on employee productivity. Global journal of commerce and management perspective, 2, (6), 91-93.
Ndidi N. C., and Moses, A. (2021). Does training and development impact the employee performance in small and medium scale enterprises in Lagos. Nigeria.
Ndunguru, S. (2015). The impact of on the job training on employees’ performance: the case of secondary school teachers of Songea municipality. Tanzania: A Masters Dissertation report in Business Administration submitted to Open University of Tanzania.
Ngari, M. (2015). The influence of in-service training on employees’ productivity: A case of Judiciary’s Lower Courts in. Kenya: A Master’s dissertation report submitted to the University of Nairobi, Kenya.
Ogbu J. O. and Osanaiye J. I. (2017). Impact of employee training on organizational performance a study of selected insurance firms in Abuja-Nigeria. European Journal of Business Management. 9, (14), 64-72.
Oladipo, J. O. and Adebayo, M. (2021). On and off -job training and development on performance of manufacturing firms. African Scholar Journal of Mgt. Science and Entrepreneurship, 22, (7), 35-48.
Otuke, A.H., KimaniChege, K., and Douglas, M. (2013). The effect of training dimensions on employee performance, a case of Mumias Sugar Company, Kenya. International Journal of Business and Management Invention, 2, (9),138-149.
Perrin, O. (2016). The difference between employees' performance and productivity. Retrieved January 11th, 2019, from Employee Connect: https://www.employeeconnect.com
Phoeth N.K. (2017). An assessment on the effect of in-service training on employee performance: a case study of secretaries in baringo county. Kenya: A master’s degree dissertation in Human Resource Management submitted to Kisii University, Kenya.
Platt, J., and Sobotka, L. (2010). Psychological management of individual performance. Wales: John Wiley & Sons.
Pradhan, R. K., and Jana, L. K. (2016). Employees' performance at Worklace; conceptual model and emperical validation. Business Perspectives and Research, 5, (1), 1-17.
PricewaterhouseCoopers. (2019). As good as it gets? UK Hotels Forecast 2018. Retrieved August 11, 2018, from www.pwc.co.uk/hospitality-leisure
Puke, T. (2010). Labour Productivity: A simplified analysis, Ibadan: Ibadan University Press.
Rana, S., and Singh, V. (2016a). Employee empowerment and job satisfaction: an empirical study in IT Industry. IOSR Journal of Humanities And Social Science, 21, (10), Ver.12, 23-29.
Reynolds, A. (2004). Helping people learn. London: CIPD.
Rothwell, W. J., and Kazanas, H. C. (2004). Improving on-the-job training: How to establish and operate a comprehensive OJT program (2nd ed.). San Francisco: CA: John Wiley & Sons.
Sabir, M. S., Iqbal, J. J., Rehman, K., Shah, K. A. and Yameen, M. (2012). Impact of corporate ethical values on ethical leadership and employee performance. International Journal of Business and Social Science, 3, 163-171.
Sabir, R. I., Aktar, N., Bukhari, F. A. S., Nasir, J., and Ahmed, W. (2014). The impact of training on the productivity of electricity company workers in Pakistan. International Review of Management and Business Research, 3, (2), 595-606.
Sahin, F. (2011). The interaction of self-leadership and psychological climate on job performance.African Journal of Business Management, 5,(5), 1787-1794.
Sarpong, Y. (2002), cited in Merwe, A. (2010). Does human capital theory account for individual higher education choice?International Business and Economics Research Journal,9, ( 6), 81-94.
Statista. (2022). Number of available hotel rooms in Nigeria from 2013 to 2023. Retrieved from https://www.statista.com/statistics/801083/available-hotel-rooms-nigeria on 31st August, 2022
Steven, W. S. (2004). Job training and job satisfaction survey technical manual. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/234742261_The_Job_Training_and_Job_Satisfaction_Survey_Technical_Manual on 23rd October, 2022
Tsai,M., Cheng, C, and Chang, Y. (2010). Drivers of hospitality industry employees’ job satisfaction, organizational commitment and job performance . African Journal of Business Management, 4, (18), 4118-4134.
Viswesvaran, C., and Ones, D. S. (2000). Perspectives on models of job performance. International Journal of Selection and Assessment, 8,(8), 216-226.
Published
2024-08-11
How to Cite
HANNAH ORUCHUKWU, O., & BUSAYO BELLO, M. (2024). IN-SERVICE TRAINING AND EMPLOYEES’ PRODUCTIVITY IN THE HOTEL INDUSTRY. GPH-International Journal of Educational Research, 7(07), 24-41. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13293878
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