PERIPARTUM VERTICAL TRANSMISSION OF HIV: A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF WOMEN WITH PRIOR ARV EXPOSURE AND ARV-NAÏVE WOMEN

  • Michael Olumide GBALA Depatment of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Medical Sciences Teaching Hospital, Ondo, Ondo State, Nigeria
  • Omotayo Oladele ADENIYI Bayly Family Practice and Walk in Clinic, Bayly Street, Toronto, Canada
  • Adebayo Augustine ADENIYI Depatment of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Federal Teaching Hospital, Ido-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria
  • Olatunji OLAOYE Texas A&M University, College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
  • Olajide Alfred DUROJAYE Legal Medical Clinic, Laberta, Canada
  • Oluwaseyi Felix OKE Tabarjal, General Hospital, Tabarjal. Al Jouf Region, Saudi Arabia
  • Babatola BAKARE Depatment of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Medical Sciences Teaching Hospital, Ondo, Ondo State, Nigeria
  • Catherine Iyabo AKINSIPE State Specialist Hospital, Ikere-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria.
  • Abayomi Yekini IBRAHIM Ministry of Health and Human Services, Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria
  • Stephen Ayodele ADEWOLE Depatment of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Medical Sciences Teaching Hospital, Ondo, Ondo State, Nigeria.
  • Altiene SAGAY Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Jos University Teaching hospital, Jos, Plateau State, Nigeria
  • Babatunde Ajayi OLOFINBIYI Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, College of Medicine, Ekiti State University, Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13934948
Keywords: Peripartum vertical transmission, HIV, Prior ARV exposure, ARV-naïve

Abstract

Background: The prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) of HIV remains a public health challenge, particularly in resource-limited settings. This study aimed to compare the rates of vertical transmission among HIV-positive pregnant women with prior antiretroviral (ARV) exposure and those who were ARV-naïve.Methods: This prospective cohort study was conducted in four hospitals in Jos, Nigeria. A total of 131 HIV-positive pregnant women were recruited, categorized into an exposed group (prior ARV exposure) and an unexposed group (ARV-naïve). Data were collected on demographic characteristics, ARV regimen, maternal viral load and infant outcomes. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing was utilized to determine HIV status in infants. The data was analysed using SPSS version 17. Descriptive statistics was used; continuous variables were summarized with mean, while discrete variables were summarized with numbers and percentages.Results: The study found a maternal-to-child transmission rate of 3.23%, significantly lower than the national average. The exposed group exhibited a transmission rate of 1.6%, compared to 4.9% in the unexposed group. The majority of subjects in both groups were of low parity and below 30 years of age. Furthermore, 98.38% of subjects in the index pregnancy received combined triple ARV therapy.Conclusion: The findings underscore the effectiveness of HAART in reducing vertical transmission rates. While the study highlights the importance of ARV adherence, further research is necessary to address limitations related to sample size and population representation, ensuring broader applicability of the results. Enhanced access to PMTCT programs is essential for improving maternal and infant health outcomes in Nigeria.

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Published
2024-10-15
How to Cite
Olumide GBALA, M., Oladele ADENIYI, O., Augustine ADENIYI, A., OLAOYE, O., Alfred DUROJAYE, O., Felix OKE, O., BAKARE, B., Iyabo AKINSIPE, C., Yekini IBRAHIM, A., Ayodele ADEWOLE, S., SAGAY, A., & Ajayi OLOFINBIYI, B. (2024). PERIPARTUM VERTICAL TRANSMISSION OF HIV: A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF WOMEN WITH PRIOR ARV EXPOSURE AND ARV-NAÏVE WOMEN. GPH-International Journal of Biological & Medicine Science, 7(08), 45-55. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13934948
Issue
Vol 7 No 08 (2024): GPH-INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL & MEDICINE SCIENCE
Section
Articles
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